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Is Major Depressive Disorder The Same As Bipolar Disorder?

Is Major Depressive Disorder The Same As Bipolar Disorder?

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Many people confuse Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Bipolar Disorder, which are two of the most common mental health conditions affecting people all over the world. While both can involve feeling sad and having low energy, they are different illnesses. Furthermore, it can become worse when comorbid with other mental health issues such as OCD, psychosis, and anxiety.

Let’s examine the differences between major depressive disorder vs bipolar. We’ll discuss can you have major depressive disorder and bipolar, can you have mdd and bipolar, what is bipolar vs major depression, facts about mdd vs bipolar, difference between major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder, can you have mdd and bipolar 2, and how we can support someone struggling.

What can be said about Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)?

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a mental health condition that makes people feel very sad and hopeless for a long time. This anxiety-provoking sadness can be so intense that it interferes with daily life, like work, relationships, and enjoying hobbies.

Common Symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder:

Depression can make people feel sad and hopeless all the time. They may lose interest in hobbies and activities they used to enjoy. Even after getting enough sleep, they can feel tired and sluggish. Some people with depression sleep too much or too little. They may also feel guilty, worthless, or hopeless. It can be hard to concentrate, remember things, or make decisions. Their appetite may change, leading to weight loss or gain.

In some cases, depression can cause physical symptoms like headaches or body aches that doctors can’t explain. In severe cases, people with depression may have thoughts of death or suicide.

Comparing Major Depressive Disorder And Bipolar Disorder

While both Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Bipolar Disorder can involve feeling sad, a key difference is that people with Bipolar Disorder also experience periods of high energy and mood swings (mania or hypomania). People with MDD, on the other hand, mainly experience low moods and are at risk of further depressive episodes, but they don’t have these extreme mood swings (mood disorder).

Critical Differences Between MDD and Bipolar Disorder:

  • Mood Variations: MDD concerns only depressive episodes, while Bipolar Disorders entail, at least, both depressive and manic/hypomanic episodes.
  • Energy Levels: However, in MDD, energy levels are low throughout the depressive episodes they experience. In Bipolar Disorder, energy levels are often low in depression and high during the episode of mania to a level that may be harmful to health.
  • Behavioral Changes: The individual afflicted with major depressive disorder may avoid social contact or show a lack of interest in life’s function. This is because, during the manic episode, people with Bipolar Disorder may be highly impulsive and overconfident and may be capable of making disastrous decisions.

Read More: Major Depressive Disorder In Children: A Guide For Parents

Why is it worthwhile to distinguish?

It’s essential to understand the differences between MDD and Bipolar Disorder to get the right diagnosis. Sometimes, MDD is mistaken for Bipolar Disorder, especially if someone is diagnosed during a low period and doesn’t mention the high periods. This can lead to the wrong treatment, as the medications and therapy for MDD and Bipolar Disorder are different.

Possible causes and risk factors

Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Disorder are believed to have genetic and environmental as well as biological and psychological causes.

  • Genetic Factors: One of the leading factors of both these mental health disorders is hereditary. MDD or Bipolar Disorder also runs in families, meaning that if any of one’s close family members have ever been diagnosed with any of the two, then you, too, are at a higher risk of developing it.
  • Brain Chemistry and Structure: In-depth medical research of MDD and Bipolar Disorder shows that changes in the chemical composition of the brain may be a factor. This could also affect mood regulation because the structure and workings of people’s brains may vary.
  • Environmental Triggers: Depressive or manic episodes in those predisposed to these disorders may result from stressful life events or trauma and substance abuse. Nevertheless, even if these triggers do not cause the disorders, they might contribute to them.

Therapeutic Approaches for Overcoming Signs of MDD and Bipolar Disorder

Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Disorder share many symptoms but are treated differently because Bipolar Disorder is based on manic and depressive episodes.

Read More: Coping Mechanisms For Depression: Practical Strategies To Help You Navigate

Management of Major Depression disorder

Here is the list of some proven treatment options to treat signs of major depressive disorder:

  • Medication: Antidepressants are usually administered to improve the supply of brain chemicals and provide relief from the signs of depression. The classes of antidepressants are SSRI (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor) and SNRI (Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor).
  • Therapy: CBT is currently among the most common treatments for depression. Additionally, CBT aids in helping patients learn and modify unhealthy thought processes that cause depression.
  • Lifestyle Changes: To improve mood and energy, people suffering from depression should also exercise regularly, eat the right foods, and practice yoga or meditation.

Mental health treatment for Bipolar Disorder

Some of the common and effective mental health treatment options available to treat bipolar disorder are as follows:

  • Mood Stabilizers: While in MDD, most patients may require antidepressants to reduce their depressive episodes, Bipolar Disorder patients require medications that stabilize their moods for both lows and highs. Mood stabilizers are commonly used to control and stabilize a patient’s mood swings and panic disorder.
  • Antipsychotics: It is customizable in some manner, and if some aspects of mania or psychosis are present, antipsychotic medications may be administered.
  • Therapy: CBT and other forms of talking therapies can assist Bipolar Disorder patients in understanding the prodromal signs of mood changes and how to cope with the illness.
  • Lifestyle and Routine: Bipolar disorder can cause many mood swings, which should be controlled by keeping a daily schedule, having less acute stress, and avoiding things such as lack of sleep.

How to support someone struggling with MDD and Bipolar Disorder

Living with and caring for a family member or friend with MDD or Bipolar Disorder involves the ability to be attentive, listen, and talk with the person. Here are some ways to provide support:

  • Learn About Their Condition: Self-education on MDD and Bipolar Disorder means you will be able to grasp their experiences more easily.
  • Listen Without Judgment: Always ensure you take some time to listen to a person suffering from these mental health conditions. Perhaps sometimes, people just need someone to listen to them. Let them pour their heart out without finding faults or extending solutions from their side.
  • Encourage Treatment: Tell them to consult a psychologist or a psychiatrist if they haven’t already. Advise them that if they don’t know where to find the information you need, you will help them find it.
  • Help with Routine: It is generally advisable for those diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder to have a rigorous and fixed daily timetable. Ask if they want company on going for a walk, need assistance organizing meals, be reminded of appointments, etc.
  • Know the Warning Signs: Memorize such symptoms of a depressive or manic episode to be ready to assist them in going to a health care facility for proper attention if necessary.

Read More: Bipolar Disorder Vs ADHD: Learn The Symptoms

Conclusion!

Both MDD and Bipolar Disorder are mental health disorders, but they have different symptoms, causes, and treatments. Understanding these differences can help support people with these conditions.

If you or someone you know is showing signs of depression, MDD, or Bipolar Disorder, it’s essential to seek help. Counseling can be very helpful in managing symptoms and living an everyday life. With the proper treatment and support, people with these conditions can improve their mental health and quality of life. If you are looking for a reliable telepsychiatry option for dealing with signs of major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder, then now is the best time for you to get in touch with Orange Coast Psychiatry and experience mental well-being today!

Frequently Asked Questions

While MDD can sometimes progress to bipolar disorder, it’s not always the case. Genetics, environmental stressors, and underlying biological factors can influence the development of either condition.

While there’s no cure for either condition, they are highly manageable with appropriate treatment. Medication, therapy, and lifestyle changes can significantly improve symptoms and quality of life.

Yes, misdiagnosis can occur, especially in cases where the manic or hypomanic episodes of bipolar disorder are less pronounced or not immediately recognized. A qualified mental health professional can accurately diagnose the condition through a thorough evaluation.

Reference and Footnotes

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Richard Samedra.

Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner-BC

Richard Samedra, PMHNP-BC, is a Board Certified Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. He brings over 12 years of experience in the mental health field, working with clients facing a wide range of acute and chronic mental health conditions. His journey began as a Licensed Vocational Nurse and Charge Nurse at Westminster Therapeutic Residential Treatment, where he supported clients dealing with anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and substance use disorders. Richard’s dedication was centered on helping these individuals improve their mental health and transition to a lower level of care, whether that meant returning to their families, a board and care facility, or a sober-living environment.
Motivated by a growing passion for mental health care, Richard pursued his Registered Nurse (RN) education at Saddleback Community College and later transitioned to La Palma Intercommunity Hospital Behavioral Health. In this role, he specialized in geriatric psychiatry, working with older adults experiencing conditions such as Parkinson’s disease, dementia, depression, and anxiety. This experience solidified his commitment to mental health, leading him to work at Bellflower Community Hospital, where he provided care for patients experiencing severe psychiatric crises, including suicidal ideation, manic and depressive episodes, substance use disorders, and exacerbated schizophrenia symptoms.
Inspired by the impactful work of PMHNPs at Bellflower, Richard enrolled in the Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner program at Azusa Pacific University. To broaden his expertise, he worked full-time at College Hospital Costa Mesa while completing his studies. There, he gained comprehensive experience across various units, including adolescent, acute men’s and women’s, stabilization, and detox/med-surg. Now, as a PMHNP, Richard is committed to leveraging his diverse background and knowledge to provide compassionate, comprehensive care to those in need.
Richard currently practices as a Nurse Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner at Orange Coast Psychiatry, where he is supervised by Dr. Montgomery.

Shaheena Gazipura

Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner-BC

Shaheena Gazipura is a board-certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP-BC) with over 9 years of dedicated experience in both inpatient and outpatient mental health care. She earned her Master of Science in Nursing from Western University of Health Sciences in Pomona, California.
Shaheena began her career working on an adult psychiatric inpatient unit before transitioning to the geriatric psychiatric inpatient unit at USC Verdugo Hills Hospital. In addition to her clinical work, Shaheena also serves as a Nursing Clinical Instructor, guiding the next generation of nurses through their mental health rotations at a large community college.
Shaheena is a passionate advocate for mental health, believing that it is a fundamental pillar of overall well-being. She is committed to reducing the stigma surrounding mental illness and strives to provide comprehensive, compassionate care that honors each individual’s unique experiences and challenges. Her goal is to create a supportive, nonjudgmental environment where patients feel empowered to work alongside her in achieving their mental health goals.
Outside of her professional life, Shaheena enjoys exploring new culinary experiences, staying active through exercise, and planning her next travel adventures.
Shaheena currently practices as a Nurse Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner at Orange Coast Psychiatry, where she is supervised by Dr. Barrios.

Clint Nacar

Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner -BC

Clint Nacar, PMHNP-BC is a Board Certified Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. Mr. Nacar graduated from Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science. Currently Mr. Nacar works in an inpatient psychiatry unit at a leading academic medical center in Los Angeles, Renewed Mental Health Group, and Orange Coast Psychiatry
Mr. Nacar brings over 7+ years of experience with the mental health population. He works to help patients take control of their mental health through patient education, psychotherapy and medication management. Mr. Nacar’s areas of focus include: Depression, Anxiety, Adjustment Disorder, Bipolar disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Mr. Nacar treats children ages 6+, adolescents, and adults, offering both in-person services and telehealth at Renewed Mental Health Group.
With the collaboration of each patient, Mr. Nacar strives to develop individualized plans of care addressing each patient’s unique situation and concerns. He also encourages each patient to take charge of their mental health through a holistic approach while also employing the latest evidence based practices in treatment.

Clint is one of our most experienced Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioners at Orange Coast Psychiatry and is 103NP Licensed in the State of California.

Cristian Cuevas

Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner-BC (Fluent in Spanish)

Cristian Cuevas, PMHNP-BC, is a highly skilled board-certified psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner with over seven years of experience in inpatient psychiatry and mental health.
A California State University Long Beach graduate, Cristian also earned recognition as a board-certified psychiatric mental health registered nurse. With a wealth of expertise in adult psychiatric care across the lifespan, Cristian has successfully diagnosed and treated a diverse range of mental health disorders.
Additionally, his specialized experience in child and adolescent inpatient populations further enhances his ability to provide comprehensive and compassionate mental health care.
Cristian Cuevas is the Lead Nurse Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner at Orange Coast Psychiatry and is supervised by Dr Barrios.

Griselda Hernandez

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As a licensed Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP) with a robust background in psychiatric and substance abuse nursing, Griselda provides compassionate, evidence-based care to individuals facing mental health and addiction challenges. The core of her practice focuses on promoting holistic wellness, fostering resilience, and empowering patients in their recovery journey. Specializing in the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of adolescents with various mental health disorders, Griselda strives to create a therapeutic environment where patients feel valued, respected, and supported.

“My approach is grounded in years of diverse experience, including work in psychiatric units and medical detox units for both adults and adolescents. This extensive background has equipped me with the skills and knowledge to manage complex psychiatric and substance abuse conditions effectively. I am committed to staying updated with the latest advancements in psychiatric care, integrating cutting-edge therapies and best practices into my treatment plans. Collaboration is key to my practice; I work closely with multidisciplinary teams, families, and community resources to provide coordinated and comprehensive care tailored to each individual’s unique needs.”

Griselda holds a Master of Science in Nursing with a specialization in Psychiatric-Mental Health from West Coast University, and a Bachelor of Science in Nursing from The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa. Additionally, she is fluent in the English and Spanish language, enhancing her ability to connect with a diverse patient population.

Griselda currently practices as a Nurse Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner at Orange Coast Psychiatry, where she is supervised by Dr. Barrios.

Dr Barrios

Board-Certified Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist

Dr. Carlos Barrios is a Board-Certified Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist with over two decades of experience in mental health care. His expertise in telepsychiatry has allowed him to serve patients across California and beyond. In his practice, Dr Barrios integrates metabolic and functional methodologies, focusing on guiding patients toward medication independence and emphasizing the connection between physical and mental health.
Outside of his professional life, Dr Barrios is passionate about kettlebell training, which helps him maintain my physical and mental wellness. He cherishes visiting his family in Guatemala, to reconnecting with his cultural roots and rejuvenating his spirit. Dr Barrios is also deeply involved in transcendental meditation and rucking, practices that not only provide him with tranquility but also keep him grounded and connected to nature. These hobbies reflect his commitment to a holistic approach to health, both personally and professionally.